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What are the differences between different fiber lasers in different applications?

Release time:2022-12-05 15:16:06

【summary】

In China, the technology and development of fiber lasers are relatively mature. If we use fiber lasers, we can consider China, which is better in terms of delivery period and cost. If we want to choose solid lasers, we usually choose foreign solid lasers , because domestic solid lasers started late, are limited by technology, and are small in scale, and it is often difficult to find suitable products.

Different types of lasers have different characteristics, so they have different applicability in different industries. This article mainly introduces the differences and applications of fiber lasers and solid-state lasers.

In China, the technology and development of fiber lasers are relatively mature. If we use fiber lasers, we can consider China, which is better in terms of delivery period and cost. If we want to choose solid-state lasers, we usually choose foreign solid-state lasers, because domestic solid-state lasers started late, are limited by technology, and are small in scale, and it is often difficult to find suitable products.

What are the differences between different fiber lasers in different applications?

1. Differences in application scenarios

Solid-state lasers and fiber lasers can be used in major laser processing fields such as marking, cutting, drilling, welding and additive manufacturing. However, due to the characteristics of fiber lasers and solid-state lasers themselves, there are differences in the specific application scenarios of each sub-segment:

1. Micro-processing field

Most application scenarios in this field use solid-state lasers, and pulsed fiber lasers can be used in some cases. Solid-state lasers can convert infrared light into short-wavelength lasers such as green light, ultraviolet light, and deep ultraviolet light. The development trend of micro-processing lasers is low thermal effect and high efficiency, which can effectively improve the processing accuracy and realize ultra-fine and ultra-micro processing. Solid-state lasers are mainly used in the field of precision micro-processing of non-metallic materials and thin, brittle and other metal materials. In addition, solid-state lasers are widely used in cutting-edge scientific research in the fields of environment, medicine, and military.


2. Macro processing field

Fiber laser is mainly used in this field, and solid laser is generally not used. Continuous fiber laser has the characteristics of high average power and is widely used in macro processing such as cutting and welding of thick metal materials. Continuous laser has high penetration in the field of macro processing and has gradually replaced traditional processing methods in this field.


To summarize:

鈶?Pulse fiber laser can be used in the field of micromachining, but because it can only output long-wavelength infrared light, the single pulse energy is small, the thermal effect is obvious, the processing accuracy is relatively low, and some materials cannot absorb infrared light, the application scope in the field of micromachining is limited, and it is generally only used in micromachining scenarios above 20 microns;

鈶?Solid-state lasers are widely used in the field of micromachining because they can convert infrared light into various wavelength beams, such as green light and ultraviolet light, through nonlinear crystal frequency doubling. The material is widely used, the beam quality is good, the single pulse energy is large, the thermal effect is small, and "cold processing" can be realized. It has strong technical advantages in the field of micro-processing and can be applied to high-precision micro-processing scenarios with a processing accuracy of less than 20 microns (the processing accuracy can reach nanometer level);

鈶he main type of fiber laser is continuous fiber laser. With high output power, continuous fiber laser is widely used in industrial metal laser cutting, welding and other processing precision mm macro-processing fields. Macro processing has a greater demand for laser equipment, and the market capacity of macro processing is larger than that of micro processing;


In general:

Solid lasers are large in size, easily disturbed by external factors such as vibration and temperature changes, have poor stability, are difficult to maintain, and have high maintenance costs, but have high output peak power, good beam quality, and high signal-to-noise ratio.

Fiber lasers have a small structure, stable performance, are not easily disturbed by external factors, are easy to operate and maintain, have poor beam quality, poor signal-to-noise ratio, and high peak power.


2. Different users

Fiber laser is mainly used in the field of macro processing. Due to its high output power (laser macro processing generally refers to size and shape processing, and the influence range of the laser beam on the processing object is mm; micro processing generally refers to size and shape processing, with an accuracy of microns or even nanometers); solid laser has the advantages of narrow wavelength, pulse width, and high peak power, and is widely used in the field of micro processing, resulting in certain differences in the users of solid laser and fiber laser.

The application fields of solid-state lasers and fiber lasers have their own focus, and each has its own application areas. There is no direct competitive relationship in most areas. In the field of metal material processing, when the metal reaches a certain thickness, traditional methods or fiber lasers are generally used. Only when the metal thickness is thin or the processing requirements are high and the cost is not sensitive. In addition, the degree of competition overlap between the two is low. Solid-state lasers are mainly used to process non-metallic materials (glass, ceramics, plastics, polymers, packaging materials, other brittle materials, etc.). In the field of metal materials, they are used in scenes with high precision requirements and relatively insensitive costs.


III. Market share

China is in the process of transformation and upgrading from low-end and medium-end manufacturing to high-end manufacturing. Low-end and medium-end manufacturing accounts for a relatively high proportion. The macro-processing market covers both low-end and medium-end manufacturing and some high-end manufacturing, and the market demand is relatively large. Therefore, the market capacity of fiber lasers is relatively large.

Domestic low-power fiber lasers have a high degree of localization, and there are many large domestic manufacturers. According to the "China Laser Industry Development Report", low-power fiber lasers have been completely replaced by domestic ones; for medium-power continuous fiber lasers, domestic quality has no obvious disadvantages, price advantages are obvious, and the market share is the same; for high-power continuous fiber lasers, domestic brands are partially sold.


IV. Application fields of solid-state lasers

1. Consumer electronics products

The consumer electronics industry has continuously increased its requirements for the processing of precision electronic components. Laser processing technology has become the main processing method in this industry with its high precision, high speed and no damage. Solid-state lasers on printed circuit boards (PCB/FPC) have broad application space for production processes such as cutting, drilling, and marking. Taking the issuer's products as an example, medium- and low-power nanosecond solid-state lasers can be used for PCB marking, medium- and high-power nanosecond solid-state lasers and picosecond and femtosecond lasers can be used for PCB/FPC cutting boards, drilling, and PI film cutting.

In addition to printed circuit boards, laser micromachining technology is also used in the fields of brittle materials, metal material cutting, marking, drilling, micro-welding, etc.

2.3D printing

3D printing is a rapid prototyping technology based on digital model files, which uses powdered metal, plastic, liquid photosensitive resin and other bonding materials to build objects through layer-by-layer printing. Solid-state lasers are the industrial choice in the field of liquid photosensitive resin curing, and the issuer's low-power nanosecond ultraviolet lasers have been widely used in this field.

3. New energy

Solid-state lasers are widely used in key processes such as cutting and precision marking of solar cells and silicon wafers, marking, cutting and welding of lithium battery materials. Taking the issuer's products as an example, in the field of photovoltaic solar energy, high-power nanosecond solid-state lasers and picosecond lasers can be used for cutting and precision marking of solar cells and silicon wafers, and low-power nanosecond ultraviolet lasers can be used for cutting of solar cells and silicon wafers; in the field of new energy vehicles, medium- and low-power nanosecond solid-state lasers and picosecond lasers can be used to mark lithium battery casings, and medium- and high-power nanosecond solid-state lasers and picosecond and femtosecond lasers can be used for precision cutting and welding of battery materials.


5. Advantages of fiber lasers

Fiber-coupled lasers can better realize the production and processing of any multi-dimensional space through optical fiber imports. Fiber-coupled lasers can promote simpler mechanical design principles, effectively simplify work production-related steps, promote simpler and more reasonable cumbersome production processes, and ensure the realization of standardized production processes;

After continuous upgrades and improvements, the power consumption of fiber-coupled lasers is low. By adjusting the combination of product accessories, fiber-coupled lasers can achieve stronger operating effects. Fiber-coupled lasers can meet high-intensity processing requirements, improve production processes, and improve operating efficiency. In addition, fiber-coupled lasers also have the characteristics of fast heat dissipation and strong recovery ability, which can ensure that mechanical equipment does not heat up during long-term operation and can operate smoothly even in harsh environments.


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